I'm glad somebody brought this topic up. Everybody seems to rely on AGS or Sarin results as the absolute truth and then use those numbers for the HCA thinking they are correct.
All the machines, like any scientific equipment, have margins of error. The companies publish the specs. However, the machines can also be out of calibration or improperly calibrated which increases the margin of error.
Having had a diamond independently appraised, I can tell you from experience that the appraiser came up with slightly different numbers than the seller. Even the seller had more than one report with slightly different numbers. It depends on the manufacturer, the machine, the software, and other factors.
The question is whether the numbers are repeatable or whether they all fall into a certain range. AGS numbers are averages and not necessarily accurate for all angles. A properly run complete Sarin is much more enlightening than AGS.
At some point you need to either trust your eyes or an independent appraiser.
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